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- Title
Intradermal injection of Botulinum toxin type A alleviates infraorbital nerve constriction-induced thermal hyperalgesia in an operant assay.
- Authors
KUMADA, A.; MATSUKA, Y.; SPIGELMAN, I.; MARUHAMA, K.; YAMAMOTO, Y.; NEUBERT, J. K.; NOLAN, T. A.; WATANABE, K.; MAEKAWA, K.; KAMIOKA, H.; YAMASHIRO, T.; KUBOKI, T.; OGUMA, K.
- Abstract
Summary Recent studies have shown that infraorbital nerve constriction (IoNC)-induced mechanical allodynia has been attenuated by administration of highly purified 150-kDa Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A). Here, we extend these studies to determine whether BoNT/A could attenuate IoNC-induced symptoms of thermal hyperalgesia. Instead of testing head withdrawal thresholds, a thermal operant assay was used to evaluate cortical processing of sensory input following IoNC. In this assay, a fasted rat's desire to obtain a food reward (sweetened condensed milk) is coupled to its ability to tolerate facial contact with a warm (45 °C) thermode. Bilateral IoNC decreased the ratio of thermode contact duration/event, which is an indicative of thermal hyperalgesia. BoNT/A injection intradermally in the area of infraorbital nerve (IoN) innervation 7 days after IoNC resulted in decreased number of facial contacts and increased the ratio of contact duration/event (measured at 14 days after IoNC). The BoNT/A (2-200 pg) effects were dose dependent and statistically significant at 100 and 200 pg ( P < 0·05). Complete reversal of thermal hyperalgesia symptoms was obtained with a 200-pg dose, without affecting sham rat behaviour. Off-site (neck) injection of BoNT/A did not relieve thermal hyperalgesia, while co-injection of BoNT/A with a neutralising antibody in the area of IoN innervation prevented relief of thermal hyperalgesia. Neither IoNC nor BoNT/A injection affected operant assay parameters with a 24 °C thermode, indicating selectivity of thermal hyperalgesia measurements. These results strongly suggest that intradermal injection of BoNT/A in the area of IoN innervation alleviates IoNC-induced thermal hyperalgesia in an operant assay.
- Subjects
ANALYSIS of variance; ANIMAL experimentation; BEHAVIOR; BIOLOGICAL models; BOTULINUM toxin; ENTRAPMENT neuropathies; FISHER exact test; HYPERALGESIA; INJECTIONS; MATHEMATICAL models; RATS; STATISTICS; THEORY; DATA analysis; REPEATED measures design; DATA analysis software; SYMPTOMS
- Publication
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 2012, Vol 39, Issue 1, p63
- ISSN
0305-182X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2842.2011.02236.x