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- Title
Effects of Cognitive Strategies on Neural Food Cue Reactivity in Adults with Overweight/Obesity.
- Authors
Demos McDermott, Kathryn E.; Lillis, Jason; McCaffery, Jeanne M.; Wing, Rena R.
- Abstract
<bold>Objective: </bold>Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of obesity have revealed key roles for reward-related and inhibitory control-related activity in response to food cues. This study examines how cognitive strategies impact neural food cue reactivity.<bold>Methods: </bold>In a within-participants, block-design, fMRI paradigm, 30 participants (24 women; mean BMI = 31.8) used four mind-sets while viewing food: "distract" (cognitive behavioral therapy based), "allow" (acceptance and commitment therapy based), "later" (focusing on long-term negative consequences), and "now" (control; focusing on immediate rewards). Participants rated cravings by noting urges to eat on four-point Likert scales after each block.<bold>Results: </bold>Self-reported cravings significantly differed among all conditions (pairwise comparisons P < 0.05). Cravings were lowest when participants considered long-term consequences (LATER mind-set: 1.7 [SD 0.7]), were significantly higher when participants used the DISTRACT (1.9 [SD 0.7]) and ALLOW (2.3 [SD 0.9]) mind-sets, and were highest when participants used the NOW mind-set (3.2 [SD 0.7]). These behavioral differences were accompanied by differences in neural food cue reactivity. The LATER mind-set (long-term consequences) led to greater inhibitory-control activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The cognitive behavioral therapy-based DISTRACT mind-set was associated with greater activity in executive function and reward-processing areas, whereas the ALLOW mind-set (acceptance and commitment therapy) elicited widespread activity in frontal, reward-processing, and default-mode regions.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Because focusing on negative long-term consequences led to the greatest decrease in cravings and increased inhibitory control, this may be a promising treatment strategy for obesity.
- Subjects
ACCEPTANCE &; commitment therapy; COGNITIVE therapy; FUNCTIONAL magnetic resonance imaging; LIKERT scale; OBESITY
- Publication
Obesity (19307381), 2019, Vol 27, Issue 10, p1577
- ISSN
1930-7381
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1002/oby.22572