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- Title
Vitamin D supplementation using an oral spray solution resolves deficiency but has no effect on VO max in Gaelic footballers: results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
- Authors
Todd, Joshua; McSorley, Emeir; Pourshahidi, L.; Magee, Pamela; Madigan, Sharon; Laird, Eamon; Healy, Martin
- Abstract
Purpose: Vitamin D inadequacy is a global health concern in athletes as well as the general population. Whilst the role of vitamin D in skeletal health is well defined, there remains uncertainty over whether vitamin D supplementation has an added benefit beyond bone health. Methods: This randomised placebo-controlled trial in healthy male and female Gaelic footballers ( n = 42) investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation [3000 IU (75 µg) daily for 12 weeks, via an oral spray solution] on VO max which was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes included skeletal muscle and lung function. Results: Supplementation significantly increased total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations compared to the placebo group (mean ± SD change from baseline, 36.31 ± 32.34 vs. 6.11 ± 23.93 nmol/L, respectively; P = 0.006). At baseline, 50 and 22 % of footballers presented with vitamin D insufficiency (31-49 nmol/L) and deficiency (<30 nmol/L), respectively. Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration did not significantly correlate with any measure of physical performance. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation over 12 weeks had no significant effect on VO max ( P = 0.375), vertical jump height ( P = 0.797), left and right handgrip strength ( P = 0.146 and P = 0.266, respectively), forced vital capacity ( P = 0.573) or forced expiratory volume at 1 s ( P = 0.665), after adjusting for confounders. The high prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy observed in this cohort of collegiate Gaelic footballers supports the need for vitamin D supplementation during wintertime to avoid being at risk of poor bone health. Conclusions: Twelve-week daily supplementation with 3000 IU (75 µg) vitamin D successfully resolved deficiency but did not have any significant effect on VO max, skeletal muscle or lung function.
- Subjects
UNITED Kingdom; LUNG physiology; VITAMIN D deficiency; SKELETAL muscle physiology; ANALYSIS of covariance; COLLEGE athletes; DIETARY supplements; LONGITUDINAL method; ORAL drug administration; PROBABILITY theory; STATISTICAL sampling; SOCCER; VITAMIN D; STATISTICAL significance; CHOLECALCIFEROL; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; OXYGEN consumption; BLIND experiment; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
European Journal of Nutrition, 2017, Vol 56, Issue 4, p1577
- ISSN
1436-6207
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00394-016-1202-4