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- Title
Neurotoxin Gene Clusters in Clostridium botulinum Type A Strains: Sequence Comparison and Evolutionary Implications.
- Authors
Dineen, Sean S.; Bradshaw, Marite; Johnson, Eric A.
- Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of the hemagglutinin (ha) genes and the transcriptional regulator botR gene were determined in type A Clostridium botulinum strain 62A, and the complete nucleotide sequence of the botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) gene cluster was determined in strain Hall A-hyper. Comparison of the BoNT/A gene clusters revealed only two nucleotide differences between the two strains. The nucleotide sequences of the regions flanking the BoNT clusters were also determined in strains 62A, Hall A-hyper, and type A(B) strain NCTC 2916. The regions upstream of the BoNT/A clusters in the type A strains shared marked homology with the region upstream of the silent BoNT/B cluster in the A(B) strain, indicating a similar evolutionary origin. The region downstream of the BoNT/A cluster in type A strains encodes putative insertion sequence (IS) elements with multiple internal mutations. These IS elements may have played a role in neurotoxin gene transfer within the host genome and to other Clostridium species. Correspondence to: E.A. Johnson; email: eajohnso@facstaff.wisc.edu -->
- Subjects
NEUROTOXIC agents; CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum; GENETIC transformation; NUCLEOTIDE sequence; HEMAGGLUTININ; GENETIC transcription; HOMOLOGY (Biology)
- Publication
Current Microbiology, 2003, Vol 46, Issue 5, p0345
- ISSN
0343-8651
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00284-002-3851-1