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- Title
Evaluating relationships between seed morphological traits and seed dormancy in Chenopodium quinoa Willd.
- Authors
McGinty, Emma M.; Craine, Evan B.; Miller, Nathan D.; Ocana-Gallegos, Cristina; Spalding, Edgar P.; Murphy, Kevin M.; Hauvermale, Amber L.
- Abstract
Introduction: Quinoa is a high-value, nutritious crop that performs well in variable environments, marginal soils, and in diverse crop rotations. Quinoa'smany attributes make it an ideal crop for supporting human health in global communities and economies. To date, quinoa research has largely focused on traits in adult plants important for enhancing plant phenotypic plasticity, abiotic stress, disease resistance, and yield. Fewer studies have evaluated quinoa seed dormancy and suggest that most modern quinoa varieties have weak or no seed dormancy, and a narrow window of seed viability post-harvest. In other crops, diminished seed dormancy is a major risk factor for preharvest sprouting (PHS; germination on the panicle due to rain prior to harvest) and may also pose a similar risk for quinoa. Methods: This study (1) developed a dormancy screening assay to characterize seed dormancy strength in a large collection of quinoa varieties, (2) investigated if morphological variables including seed coat color, seed coat thickness, seed shape including eccentricity which evaluates the roundness or flatness of a seed, and other agronomic traits like crude protein content and seed moisture, contribute to quinoa seed dormancy, and (3) evaluated the use of a pheneticmodeling approach to explore relationships between seed morphology and seed dormancy. Results: Dormancy screening indicated seed dormancy ranges in quinoa varieties from none to strong dormancy. Further, phenetic modeling approaches indicate that seed coat thickness and eccentricity are important morphological variables that impact quinoa seed dormancy strength. Conclusions: While dormancy screening and phenetic modeling approaches do not provide a direct solution to preventing PHS in quinoa, they do provide new tools for identifying dormant varieties as well as morphological variables contributing to seed dormancy.
- Subjects
QUINOA; SEED dormancy; SEEDS; SEED viability; ANIMAL coloration; CROP rotation
- Publication
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2023, p1
- ISSN
1664-462X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fpls.2023.1161165