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- Title
Non-myeloid cells are major contributors to innate immune responses via production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2.
- Authors
Yoshimura, Teizo; Galligan, Carole; Takahashi, Munehisa; Keqiang Chen; Mingyong Liu; Tessarollo, Lino; Ji Ming Wang
- Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 is a chemokine regulating the recruitment of monocytes into sites of inflammation and cancer. MCP-1 can be produced by a variety of cell types, such as macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. Notably, macrophages produce high levels of MCP-1 in response to proinflammatory stimuli in vitro, leading to the hypothesis that macrophages are the major source of MCP-1 during inflammatory responses in vivo. In stark contrast to the hypothesis, however, there was no significant reduction in MCP-1 protein or the number of infiltrating macrophages in the peritoneal inflammatory exudates ofmyeloid cell-specific MCP-1-deficient mice in response to i.p injection of thioglycollate or zymosan A. Furthermore, injection of LPS into skin air pouch also had no effect on local MCP-1 production in myeloid-specific MCP-1-deficient mice. Finally, myeloid-specific MCP-1-deficiency did not reduce MCP-1 mRNA expression or macrophage infiltration in LPS-induced lung injury. These results indicate that non-myeloid cells, in response to a variety of stimulants, play a previously unappreciated role in innate immune responses as the primary source of MCP-1.
- Subjects
MONOCYTE chemotactic factor; NEUTROPHILS; FIBROBLASTS; MACROPHAGES; THIOGLYCOLIC acid; STIMULANTS
- Publication
Frontiers in Immunology, 2014, Vol 4, p1
- ISSN
1664-3224
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2013.00482