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- Title
Infant diet and metabolic outcomes in school-age children. The Generation R Study.
- Authors
Gishti, O; Gaillard, R; Durmuş, B; Hofman, A; Duijts, L; Franco, O H; Jaddoe, V W V
- Abstract
Background:Breastfeeding duration is associated with the risks of cardio-metabolic diseases in adulthood. We examined the associations of infant feeding patterns with metabolic outcomes in children and whether any association was explained by family-based socio-demographic, maternal lifestyle-related or childhood factors.Subjects/methods:We performed a population-based prospective cohort study in 3417 children to examine the associations of breastfeeding duration and exclusivity and age at introduction of solid foods with blood levels of lipids, insulin and C-peptide and risk of clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors at the median age of 6.0 years (90% range 5.7-6.8).Results:We observed that, in the models only adjusted for child's age and sex, ever breastfeeding was not associated with childhood blood levels of lipids but was associated with higher insulin and C-peptide concentrations (P-value<0.05). Breastfeeding duration and exclusivity were not consistently associated with metabolic outcomes. Early introduction of solid foods was associated with higher levels of total cholesterol (P-value<0.05) but not with high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin levels. Shorter breastfeeding duration and exclusive breastfeeding were associated with increased risks of clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors. After additional adjustment for family, maternal and childhood factors, none of these associations remained significant.Conclusions:In conclusion, we found no consistent associations of infant feeding patterns with metabolic outcomes at school age, after taking into account family-based socio-demographic, maternal lifestyle-related or childhood factors. Whether infant diet composition influences metabolic outcomes in later life should be further studied.
- Subjects
INFANT nutrition; METABOLISM; HEALTH outcome assessment; HEALTH of school children; BREASTFEEDING; LOW density lipoproteins
- Publication
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2014, Vol 68, Issue 9, p1008
- ISSN
0954-3007
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/ejcn.2014.81