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- Title
HTLV-1, Immune Response and Autoimmunity.
- Authors
Quaresma, Juarez A. S.; Yoshikawa, Gilberto T.; Koyama, Roberta V. L.; Dias, George A. S.; Satomi Fujihara; Fuzii, Hellen T.
- Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (PET/HAM) is involved in the development of autoimmune diseases including Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). The development of HTLV-1-driven autoimmunity is hypothesized to rely on molecular mimicry, because virus-like particles can trigger an inflammatory response. However, HTLV-1 modifies the behavior of CD4+ T cells on infection and alters their cytokine production. A previous study showed that in patients infected with HTLV-1, the activity of regulatory CD4+ T cells and their consequent expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are altered. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying changes in cytokine release leading to the loss of tolerance and development of autoimmunity.
- Subjects
HTLV-I infections; HTLV-I; T cells; LYMPHOMAS; AUTOIMMUNE diseases; SJOGREN'S syndrome; GENETICS; DISEASES
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2016, Vol 8, Issue 4, p5
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v8010005