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- Title
Effect of Daily Vitamin E and Multivitamin-Mineral Supplementation on Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Persons: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Authors
Graat, Judith M.; Schouten, Evert G.; Kok, Frans J.
- Abstract
Context: Immune response in elderly individuals has been reported to improve after micronutrient supplementation. However, efficacy trials evaluating infectious diseases as outcomes are scarce and inconclusive. Objective: To investigate the effect of daily multivitamin-mineral and vitamin E supplementation on incidence and severity of acute respiratory tract infections in elderly individuals. Design: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial trial. Setting and Participants: A total of 652 noninstitutionalized individuals aged 60 years or older enrolled from 2 community-based sampling strategies in the Wageningen area of the Netherlands, conducted from 1998 to 2000. At baseline, 6% of participants had suboptimal ascorbic acid and 1.3% had suboptimal α-tocopherol plasma concentration. Intervention: Physiological doses of multivitamin-minerals, 200 mg of vitamin E, both, or placebo. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence and severity of self-reported acute respiratory tract infections at 15 months, as assessed by a nurse (telephone contact), home visits, and microbiological and serological testing in subsets of patients. Results: During a median observation period of 441 days, 443 (68%) of 652 participants recorded 1024 respiratory tract infection episodes. The incidence rate ratio of acute respiratory tract infection for multivitamin-mineral supplementation was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.75-1.15; P = .58) and for vitamin E supplementation, 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.25; P = .21). Severity of infections was not influenced by multivitamin-mineral supplementation. For vitamin E vs no vitamin E, severity was worse: median (interquartile range) for illness-duration was 19 (9-37) vs 14 (6-29) days, P = .02; number of symptoms, 6 (3-8) vs 4 (3-8), P = .03; presence of fever, 36.7% vs 25.2%, P = .009; and restriction of activity, 52.3% vs 41.1%, P = .02. Conclusions: Neither daily multivitamin-mineral supplementation at...
- Subjects
HEALTH of older people; VITAMIN E; VITAMINS; RESPIRATORY infections; HEALTH
- Publication
JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002, Vol 288, Issue 6, p715
- ISSN
0098-7484
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1001/jama.288.6.715