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- Title
Lower Placental Leptin Promoter Methylation in Association with Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Placental Nitrosative Stress at Birth in the ENVIRONAGE Cohort.
- Authors
Saenen, Nelly D.; Vrijens, Karen; Janssen, Bram G.; Roels, Harry A.; Neven, Kristof Y.; Berghe, Wim Vanden; Gyselaers, Wilfried; Vanpoucke, Charlotte; Lefebvre, Wouter; Boever, Patrick De; Nawrot, Tim S.
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 2.5 pm (PM2.5) affects human fetal development during pregnancy. Oxidative stress is a putative mechanism by which PM2.5 may exert its effects. Leptin (LEP) is an energy-regulating hormone involved in fetal growth and development. OBJECTIVES: We investigated in placental tissue whether DNA methylation of the LEP promoter is associated with PM2.5 and whether the oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NTp) is involved. METHODS: LEP DNA methylation status of 361 placentas from the ENVIROAAGE birth cohort was assessed using bisulfite-PCR-pyrosequencing. Placental 3-NTp (n = 313) was determined with an ELISA assay. Daily PM2.5 exposure levels were estimated for each mother's residence, accounting for residential mobility during pregnancy, using a spatiotemporal interpolation model. RESULTS: After adjustment for a priori chosen covariates, placental LEP methylation was 1.4% lower (95% CI: -- 2.7, -- 0.19%) in association with an interquartile range increment (7.5 pg/m3) in second-trimester PM2.5 exposure and 0.43% lower (95% CI: -- 0.85, -- 0.02%) in association with a doubling of placental 3-NTp content. CONCLUSIONS: LEP methylation status in the placenta was negatively associated with PM2.5 exposure during the second trimester, and with placental 3-NTp, a marker of oxidative/nitrosative stress. Additional research is needed to confirm our findings and to assess whether oxidative/ nitrosative stress might contribute to associations between PM2.5 and placental epigenetic events. Potential consequences for health during the neonatal period and later in life warrant further exploration. CITATION: Saenen ND, Vrijens K, Janssen BG, Roels HA, Neven KY, Vanden Berghe W, Gyselaers W, Vanpoucke C, Lefebvre W, De Boever P, Nawrot TS. 2017. Lower placental leptin promoter methylation in association with fine particulate matter air pollution during pregnancy and placental nitrosative stress at birth in the ENVIROAAGE cohort. Environ Health Perspect 125:262-268; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP38
- Subjects
BELGIUM; PARTICULATE matter; DNA methylation; LEPTIN; ENVIRONMENTAL health research; PLACENTA physiology; AIR pollution; CONFIDENCE intervals; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; CORD blood; PLACENTA; POLYMERASE chain reaction; SECOND trimester of pregnancy; PROBABILITY theory; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICAL sampling; TYROSINE; ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; MULTIPLE regression analysis; OXIDATIVE stress; FETAL development; REPEATED measures design; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2017, Vol 125, Issue 2, p262
- ISSN
0091-6765
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1289/EHP38