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- Title
Higher Creatinine Concentrations in Ethyl Glucuronide-Positive Urine Specimens Collected from Subjects in a Controlled Alcohol Abstinence Program: Is Serum Creatinine a Good Marker of Renal Function in Drinkers?
- Authors
Polettini, Aldo Eliano; Bleicher, Sergej; Kutzler, Johannes; Mauerer, Richard; Schultis, Wolfgang
- Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to examine urine creatinine concentrations in drivers submitted to controlled alcohol abstinence programs. Methods Urine samples (n = 32,210) were screened for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) by immunoassay during a 2-year period. Non-negatives underwent EtG and ethyl sulfate (EtS) confirmation by coupled-column Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Urine samples were tested for dilution by the analysis of creatinine content with <0.2 g/l indicating a dilute specimen. Results The mean urine creatinine was significantly higher in EtG positives compared to negatives (1.47 ± 0.98 vs. 1.17 ± 0.79 g/l). The difference between positives and negatives was consistent within genders and age groups (<45; ≥45). The higher urinary creatinine in EtG positives is explained by a late antidiuretic effect of alcohol. Conclusion Attempts to dilute urine specimens by drinking water or other liquids before voiding are less effective for EtG/EtS compared with illicit drugs excreted in urine. If the temporary decrease in serum creatinine as a consequence of the late antidiuretic effect of alcohol is confirmed by controlled studies, serum creatinine as an indicator of kidney function should be reconsidered in drinkers.
- Subjects
REHABILITATION of people with alcoholism; BIOMARKERS; CREATININE; DRUGS of abuse; ETHANOL; IMMUNOASSAY; KIDNEY function tests; LIQUID chromatography; MASS spectrometry; SEX distribution; URINATION; URINALYSIS; TREATMENT programs; ACYCLIC acids
- Publication
Alcohol & Alcoholism, 2019, Vol 54, Issue 1, p19
- ISSN
0735-0414
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/alcalc/agy084