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- Title
A role for reduced coenzyme Q in atherosclerosis?
- Authors
Thomas, Shane R.; Witting, Paul K.
- Abstract
Abstract. Substantial evidence implicates oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) as an important event contributing to atherogenesis. As a result, the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which LDL is oxidized and how such oxidation is prevented by antioxidants has been a significant research focus. Studies on the antioxidation of LDL lipids have focused primarily on Alpha-tocopherol (Alpha-TOH), biologically and chemically the most active form of vitamin E and quantitatively the major lipid-soluble antioxidant in extracts prepared from human LDL. In addition to Alpha-TOH, plasma LDL also contains low levels of ubiquinol-10 (CoQ[sub 10]H[sub 2]; the reduced form of coenzyme Q[sub 10]). Recent studies have shown that in oxidizing plasma lipoproteins Alpha-TOH can exhibit anti- or pro-oxidant activities for the lipoprotein's lipids exposed to a vast array of oxidants. This article reviews the molecular action of Alpha-TOH in LDL undergoing "mild" radical-initiated lipid peroxidation, and discusses how small levels of CoQ[sub 10]H[sub 2] can represent an efficient antioxidant defence for lipoprotein lipids. We also comment on the levels Alpha-TOH, CoQ[sub 10]H[sub 2] and lipid oxidation products in the intima of patients with coronary artery disease and report on preliminary studies examining the effect of coenzyme Q[sub 10] supplementation on atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice.
- Subjects
UBIQUINONES; VITAMIN E; LIPOPROTEINS
- Publication
Biofactors, 1999, Vol 9, Issue 2-4, p207
- ISSN
0951-6433
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/biof.5520090216