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- Title
Thyroid Function and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Rotterdam Study.
- Authors
Bano, Arjola; Chaker, Layal; Plompen, Elisabeth P C; Hofman, Albert; Dehghan, Abbas; Franco, Oscar H; Janssen, Harry L A; Darwish Murad, Sarwa; Peeters, Robin P
- Abstract
<bold>Context: </bold>Although thyroid function is associated with several risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its role in NAFLD development remains unclear.<bold>Objective: </bold>We aimed to prospectively investigate the association between variations in thyroid function and NAFLD.<bold>Design and Setting: </bold>The Rotterdam Study, a large population-based, prospective cohort study.<bold>Participants and Main Outcome Measures: </bold>Participants with thyroid function measurements at baseline and NAFLD data (ie, at baseline fatty liver index/at follow-up ultrasound) were eligible. Transient elastography was performed to assess the presence of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, using the liver stiffness measurements more than or equal to 8 kPa as cutoff for clinically relevant fibrosis. The association between thyroid parameters and incident NAFLD was explored by using logistic regression models.<bold>Results: </bold>A total of 9419 participants (mean age, 64.75 y) were included. The median follow-up time was 10.04 years (interquartile range, 5.70-10.88 y). After adjusting for age, sex, cohort, follow-up time, use of hypolipidemic drugs, and cardiovascular risk factors, higher free T4 levels were associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.63). In line, higher TSH levels were associated with an increased risk of having clinically relevant fibrosis in NAFLD (odds ratio, 1.49; CI, 1.04-2.15). Compared with euthyroidism, hypothyroidism was associated with a 1.24-fold higher NAFLD risk (CI, 1.01-1.53). Moreover, NAFLD risk decreased gradually from hypothyroidism to hyperthyroidism (P for trend = .003).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Lower thyroid function is associated with an increased NAFLD risk. These findings may lead to new avenues regarding NAFLD prevention and treatment.
- Subjects
NETHERLANDS; THYROID disease diagnosis; FATTY liver; LONGITUDINAL method; THYROID diseases; THYROID gland function tests; ULTRASONIC imaging; CROSS-sectional method; DISEASE complications; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2016, Vol 101, Issue 8, p3204
- ISSN
0021-972X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1210/jc.2016-1300