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- Title
Design and numerical demonstration of a multimode interference sensor using engineered slot-waveguides.
- Authors
Isayama, Yuri Hayashi
- Abstract
This paper introduces a new design strategy for the development of highly sensitive Multimode Interference (MMI) sensors by employing an engineered slot-waveguide as the foundation for the device. Waveguides typically adopted in MMI sensors have the evanescent field of their modes interact with the sample in the sensing region and, by doing that, the device sensitivity is limited by how distinctly confined the propagating modes are. Even though one propagating mode has a greater interaction with the sample than the other, they both are sensitive to changes in the refractive index in the sensing area, when the ideal situation is to keep one of them virtually insensitive to such changes. A multimode slot-waveguide with a central defect was proposed to improve two aspects: first, obtain one mode that is guided through the high-index central defect of the core and that is, by construction, physically separated from the sensing region; second, utilize another high-order mode that propagates through the low-index regions of the core and not only in direct contact with the sample, but with maximum field intensity in the region of interaction. For aqueous samples (refractive index approximately 1.33), the achieved sensitivity per sensor length was 6.0 rad · RIU - 1 · μ m - 1 and an estimated Limit-Of-Detection of 3.5 · 10 - 8 RIU - 1 , which places the slot-MMI sensor among the most sensitive devices in the current literature.
- Subjects
DETECTORS; REFRACTIVE index; SUBSTRATE integrated waveguides; OPTICAL waveguides; ENGINEERING; OPTICAL sensors; WAVEGUIDES
- Publication
Optical & Quantum Electronics, 2024, Vol 56, Issue 3, p1
- ISSN
0306-8919
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11082-023-05963-7