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- Title
Deposition of Heavy Metals to the Convention Waters of the Oslo and Paris Commissions.
- Authors
Nijenhuis, W. A. S.; van Pul, W. A. J.; de Leeuw, F. A. A. M.
- Abstract
The deposition of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, nickel, lead and zinc) on the Convention Waters of the Oslo and Paris Commissions (OSPARCOM) were calculated using an emission based modelling approach. Emissions were taken from the UN-ECE/OSPARCOM/HELCOM Emission Inventory of Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants. The atmospheric transport model EUTREND was used to calculate the transport and deposition of heavy metals on the convention waters. Results were obtained for the regions Greater North Sea, Celtic Sea, Bay of Biscay and Iberian Coast and for parts of the regions Arctic Waters and Wider Atlantic. The contributions of five major source categories to the deposition were calculated. The contribution of OSPARCOM countries to the deposition on the Convention Waters as well as the contribution of the non-OSPARCOM countries as a whole were calculated. Measured air concentrations were underestimated by the calculations by a factor of 2–4 for arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium and zinc. For lead and nickel the comparison was close to the 1:1 line. The underestimation is most likely due to an underestimation of the emissions. A comparison between the input of heavy metals by atmospheric deposition and riverine input around the North Sea as well as a comparison with other studies on the atmospheric input to the North Sea estimated from measurements and modelling are presented.
- Subjects
OSLO (Norway); PARIS (France); NORWAY; FRANCE; HEAVY metals; WATER
- Publication
Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 2001, Vol 126, Issue 1-2, p121
- ISSN
0049-6979
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1023/A:1005275718236