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- Title
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANATOMY AND INTEREST IN THE STUDY OF THE BRAIN.
- Authors
REÇI, Valvita
- Abstract
The original meaning of the word anatomy refers to dissection, the basic technique for teaching and researching the construction of living beings. For the first time, the ancient Greek physician, Alcmaeon, on the basis of his experience in dissections, described the structure of the eyeball and optic nerve, arteries, veins, and trachea, and was the first who established that the brain is the center of intellectual life. Hippocrates, as the first founder of the scientific approach in anatomy, believed that the physician should study anatomy, in particular nervous system, which controls all functions of the body. Later we come across anatomical studies also by the scientists of ancient Greece, Aristotle, Plato, Herophilus, Erasistratus. In the period of the new era, there is the famous Arabian doctor, Avicenna, who made just drawings of the brain and spinal cord because he had prohibited dissection. Special contribution, gave also: the famous French physician and anatomist Sylviu, in whose honor we have many anatomical designations; Leonardo da Vinci, who made many anatomical drawings that he observed during the dissection; Vesalius was the first who claimed that the eye is an elongated part of the brain which was later embryologically proven. Willis in the XVIIth century, has described the arteries at the base of the brain and it is named after his name the circle of Willis. Centuries later, anatomists such as Bell and Gautier published atlases with extraordinary anatomical illustrations. The culmination of the development of anatomy was reached in the XIXth century when the French physician Bourgery published the atlas of Human Anatomy and Surgery in several volumes. All the scientific observations and methods used by ancient and contemporary anatomists have a particullary importance in the science of anatomy. However, dissection today, remains the safest method by which the physician gains solid knowledge in this field of science.
- Subjects
GREECE; HUMAN anatomy; NERVOUS system; ANATOMY; ARISTOTLE, 384-322 B.C.; LEONARDO, da Vinci, 1452-1519; HIPPOCRATES, ca. 460 B.C.-370 B.C.; OPTIC nerve; CIRCLE of Willis
- Publication
Vizione, 2020, Issue 34, p45
- ISSN
1409-8962
- Publication type
Article