The article is devoted to the legal issues of scientific discoveries from the perspective of the current law. The author focuses on the critical legal analysis of the past Czechoslovak Law on Scientific Discoveries (1957-1990), which was built on the former Soviet model. The author looks at the scientific discoveries and its legal principles in the framework of the new Czech Civil Code of the year 2012, e.g. the public goods that are intended, after its publication, for the general use.