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- Title
Does Physical Activity Increase After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review.
- Authors
ARNOLD, JOHN B.; WALTERS, JULIE L.; FERRAR, KATIA E.
- Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in self-reported symptoms and perceived functional ability after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), it is unclear whether changes in objectively measured physical activity (PA) occur after surgery. OBJECTIVE: To determine if objectively measured PA increases after THA and TKA in adults with osteoarthritis. METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched from inception to March 3, 2015. All study designs objectively measuring PA before and after THA or TKA were eligible, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts and extracted study demographic, PA, and clinical outcome data. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for accelerometer- and pedometer-derived estimates of PA. Risk of methodological bias was assessed with Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists. RESULTS: Eight studies with a total of 373 participants (238 TKA, 135 THA) were included. Findings were mixed regarding improvement in objectively measured PA at 6 months after THA (SMDs, -0.20 to 1.80) and TKA (SMDs, -0.36 to 0.63). Larger improvements from 2 studies at 1 year postsurgery were generally observed after THA (SMDs, 0.39 to 0.79) and TKA (SMDs, 0.10 to 0.85). However, at 1 year, PA levels were still considerably lower than those of healthy controls (THA SMDs, -0.25 to -0.77; TKA SMDs, -1.46 to -1.80). Risk-of-bias scores ranged from 3 to 9 out of 11 (27%-82%) for cohort studies, and from 3 to 8 out of 10 (30%-80%) for case-control studies. CONCLUSION: The best available evidence indicates negligible changes in PA at 6 months after THA or TKA, with limited evidence for larger changes at 1 year after surgery. In the 4 studies that reported control-group data, postoperative PA levels were still considerably less than those of healthy controls. Improved perioperative strategies to instill behavioral change are required to narrow the gap between patient-perceived functional improvement and the actual amount of PA undertaken after THA and TKA. Registered with PROSPE-RO (registration number CRD42014010155).
- Subjects
RESEARCH methodology evaluation; ACCELEROMETERS; CINAHL database; CONFIDENCE intervals; EXPERIMENTAL design; HIP joint diseases; MEDICAL databases; INFORMATION storage &; retrieval systems; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; KNEE diseases; LIFE skills; MEDLINE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PROBABILITY theory; QUALITY of life; TOTAL hip replacement; TOTAL knee replacement; SYSTEMATIC reviews; EVIDENCE-based medicine; PEDOMETERS; EFFECT sizes (Statistics); BODY mass index; CONTINUING education units; RESEARCH bias; PHYSICAL activity; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; AMED (Information retrieval system); EVALUATION
- Publication
Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 2016, Vol 46, Issue 6, p431
- ISSN
0190-6011
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2519/jospt.2016.6449