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- Title
Aetiology and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients in Norway.
- Authors
Røysted, Wenche; Simonsen, Øystein; Jenkins, Andrew; Sarjomaa, Marjut; Svendsen, Martin Veel; Ragnhildstveit, Eivind; Tveten, Yngvar; Kanestrøm, Anita; Waage, Halfrid; Ringstad, Jetmund
- Abstract
Background and Aims In Norway, data on the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia ( CAP) in hospitalized patients are limited. The aims of this study were to investigate the bacterial aetiology of CAP in hospitalized patients in Norway, risk factors for CAP and possible differences in risk factors between patients with Legionnaire's disease and pneumonia because of other causes. Methods Adult patients with radiologically confirmed CAP admitted to hospital were eligible for the study. Routine aerobic and L egionella culture of sputum, blood culture, urinary antigen test for L egionella pneumophila and S treptococcus pneumoniae, polymerase chain reaction detection of C hlamydophila pneumoniae, M ycoplasma pneumoniae and B ordetella pertussis from throat specimens, and serology for L . pneumophila serogroup 1-6 were performed. A questionnaire, which included demographic and clinical data, risk factors and treatment, was completed. Results We included 374 patients through a 20-month study period in 2007-2008. The aetiological agent was detected in 37% of cases. S . pneumoniae (20%) was the most prevalent agent, followed by H aemophilus influenzae (6%) and L egionella spp. (6%). Eight L egionella cases were diagnosed by urinary antigen test, of which four also had positive serology. In addition, 13 L egionella cases were diagnosed by serology. The degree of comorbidity was high. An increased risk of hospital-diagnosed L egionella pneumonia was found among patients with a diagnosis of chronic congestive heart failure. Conclusion Our results indicate that S . pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of pneumonia in hospitalized patients, and the prevalence of L egionella pneumonia is probably higher in Norway than recognized previously.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY-acquired pneumonia; COMMUNITY-acquired infections; PNEUMONIA; HAEMOPHILUS influenzae; LEGIONELLA pneumophila
- Publication
Clinical Respiratory Journal, 2016, Vol 10, Issue 6, p756
- ISSN
1752-6981
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/crj.12283