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- Title
Impact of growth parameters on vertical jump performance.
- Authors
Branta, Crystal; Morrison, Kyle; Kelly, Sheila; Haubenstricker, John; Seefeldt, Vern
- Abstract
The vertical jump (VJ) is an essential skill in many sports such as basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, and diving. However, it has not been studied extensively in the developmental years other than to describe characteristics of stages that many children exhibit during their development of the VJ or to calculate mean changes in performance by age. As a body projection skill that requires many interactions to occur for successful performance, the VJ affords unique subsystems that are essential to investigate. One such subsystem is physical growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence that standing height (SH) and measures of body composition, as defined by skin folds, have on VJ performance. A longitudinal group of males (n = 180) and females (n = 148) were measured semiannually from ages 6 to 16 years on VJ performance, weight (WT), SH, and three skin folds (triceps, subscapular, umbilical). For analyses, the three skin folds were combined into a sum of skin folds (SSF) score since they are all highly intercorrelated. From ages 6 to 9 in males, correlations of SH, WT, and SSF with VJ were significant (p < .05) but low, ranging from -.072 to .198. After age 10, the SSF correlations were moderate, reaching -.484 at age 13, whereas the SH correlations with VJ were highest at age 14 (.277). For females from ages 6 to 7, these correlations also were low and significant, but changes occurred by age 8, with SSF correlating with VJ at -.322. Throughout the teen years, the SSF correlations with VJ remained significant (p < .01) for females. A regression model shows that SSF and HT account for 70% of the variance in quantitative VJ performance during these growing years. Physical development, at least in height and body composition, has significant effects on the ability of children and youth ages 6 to 16 to perform the vertical jump. Additional research should also seek to examine how the growth subsystem interacts with changes in attractor states or stages.
- Subjects
JUMP &; reach tests; PHYSICAL fitness testing; JUMPING; MOTOR ability in children; HUMAN body composition; REGRESSION analysis; CHILD development; INFLUENCE of age on ability; AGE &; sports; ATHLETIC ability testing
- Publication
Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 2007, Vol 29, pS24
- ISSN
0895-2779
- Publication type
Article