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- Title
Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteriophages: morphogenesis, lytic potentials and inter simple sequence repeat analysis.
- Authors
Hassan, Amina A.; Mohamed, Ismail; Afkar, Eman
- Abstract
Insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) exhibit strong toxicity. Soil bacteriophages destroy the ICPs in nature. Also, environmental pH, temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation shorten the ICPs' validity and infectivity. To enhance the validity of ICPs of Bt, the soil Bt phages and the environmental parameters such as soil pH, temperature, and UV should be subjected to continuous evaluation. In this study, five Bt bacteriophages were isolated, characterized, and named BtØ3, BtØ5, BtØ7, BtØ9, and BtØ11. Electron microscopy investigation showed that the five phages have an icosahedral head and a long contractile tail. In addition, the restriction endonuclease BamHI enzyme cleaves the phage genomic DNA suggesting that all five phages have double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) belonging to the order Caudovirales. The various inter simple sequence repeat restriction patterns suggested that the five phages genetically are not similar, and similarity metrics analysis placed the five phages into two clusters. The reported lytic activity of phages against Bt was as follows: BtØ7 (100%), BtØ9 (100%), BtØ3(83%), BtØ5(83%), and BtØ11(75%). Moreover, the phages were 17% more effective in lysing Bt than the commercial antibiotics. Bt phages isolated from this study highlighted the importance of regular assessment of soil conditions and the lytic potentials of naturally occurring Bt phages to protect Bt sp from being attacked or destroyed, and to calculate the exact Bt dose concentration of successful application in pest control, this will enhance the environmental health, food security, and crop safety.
- Subjects
BACILLUS thuringiensis; MICROSATELLITE repeats; SEQUENCE analysis; BACTERIOPHAGES; MORPHOGENESIS; ENDONUCLEASES
- Publication
Biologia, 2023, Vol 78, Issue 12, p3625
- ISSN
0006-3088
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11756-023-01501-8