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- Title
Three Separate Spike Antigen Exposures by COVID-19 Vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 Infection Elicit Strong Humoral Immune Responses in Healthcare Workers.
- Authors
Brehm, Thomas Theo; Ullrich, Felix; Thompson, Michelle; Küchen, Julia; Schwinge, Dorothee; Spier, Anthea; Huber, Samuel; Knobloch, Johannes K.; Aepfelbacher, Martin; Addo, Marylyn M.; Lohse, Ansgar W.; Lütgehetmann, Marc; Schulze zur Wiesch, Julian
- Abstract
Background: The immunogenicity of different COVID-19 vaccine regimens and combinations in naïve and convalescent individuals has not been formally tested in controlled studies, and real-life observational studies are scarce. Methods: We assessed the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination-induced immunity of 697 hospital workers at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf between 17 and 31 January 2022. Results: The overall prevalence of anti-NC-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies indicating prior infection was 9.8% (n = 68) and thus lower than the seroprevalence in the general population. All vaccinated individuals had detectable anti-S1-RBD-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (median AU/mL [IQR]: 13,891 [8505–23,543]), indicating strong protection against severe COVID-19. Individuals who received three COVID-19 vaccine doses (median AU/mL [IQR]: 13,856 [8635–22,705]) and those who resolved a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and had received two COVID-19 vaccine doses (median AU/mL [IQR] 13,409 [6934–25,000]) exhibited the strongest humoral immune responses. Conclusions: The current study indicates that three exposures to the viral spike protein by either SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination are necessary to elicit particularly strong humoral immune responses, which supports current vaccination recommendations.
- Subjects
AFRICAN Union; MEDICAL personnel; HUMORAL immunity; UNIVERSITATSKLINIKUM Hamburg-Eppendorf; COVID-19 vaccines; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19
- Publication
Vaccines, 2022, Vol 10, Issue 7, pN.PAG
- ISSN
2076-393X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/vaccines10071086