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- Title
The Multifaceted Role of Commensal Microbiota in Homeostasis and Gastrointestinal Diseases.
- Authors
Silva, Marcelo José Barbosa; Carneiro, Matheus Batista Heitor; dos Anjos Pultz, Brunna; Pereira Silva, Danielle; Lopes, Mateus Eustáquio de Moura; dos Santos, Liliane Martins
- Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract houses a complex and diverse community of microbes. In recent years, an increased understanding of the importance of intestinal microbiota for human physiology has been gained. In the steady state, commensal microorganisms have a symbiotic relationship with the host and possess critical and distinct functions, including directly influencing immunity. This means that recognition of commensal antigens is necessary for the development of complete immune responses. Therefore, the immune system must face the challenge of maintaining mucosal homeostasis while dealing with undue passage of commensal or pathogenic microbes, as well as the host nutritional status or drug use. Disruption of this fine balance has been associated with the development of several intestinal inflammatory diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in the modulation of host-microbe interactions and how the breakdown of this homeostatic association can lead to intestinal inflammation and pathology.
- Subjects
HOMEOSTASIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL control systems; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DIGESTIVE system diseases; GASTROINTESTINAL diseases
- Publication
Journal of Immunology Research, 2015, Vol 2015, p1
- ISSN
2314-8861
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1155/2015/321241