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- Title
What Predicts Outcome, Response, and Drop-out in CBT of Depressive Adults? A Naturalistic Study.
- Authors
Schindler, Amrei; Hiller, Wolfgang; Witthöft, Michael
- Abstract
Background: The efficacy of CBT for unipolar depressive disorders is well established, yet not all patients improve or tolerate treatment. Aims: To identify factors associated with symptomatic outcome, response, and drop-out in depressive patients under naturalistic CBT. Method: 193 patients with major depression or dysthymia were tested. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were entered as predictors in hierarchical regression analyses. Results: A higher degree of pretreatment depression, early improvement, and completion of therapy were identified as predictors for symptomatic change and response. Drop-out was predicted by concurrent personality disorder, less positive outcome expectancies, and by failure to improve early in treatment. Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of early response to predict improvement in routine CBT. Attempts to refine the quality of treatment programs should focus on avoiding premature termination (drop-out) and consider motivational factors in more depth. Routinely administered standardized assessments would enhance symptom monitoring and help to identify persons at risk of not improving under therapy.
- Subjects
COGNITIVE therapy; HEALTH outcome assessment; DEPRESSION in adolescence; MENTAL depression; THERAPEUTICS; DRUG efficacy; TOLERATION; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors
- Publication
Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapy, 2013, Vol 41, Issue 3, p365
- ISSN
1352-4658
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1017/S1352465812001063