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- Title
Focusing of X-ray free-electron laser pulses with reflective optics.
- Authors
Yumoto, Hirokatsu; Mimura, Hidekazu; Koyama, Takahisa; Matsuyama, Satoshi; Tono, Kensuke; Togashi, Tadashi; Inubushi, Yuichi; Sato, Takahiro; Tanaka, Takashi; Kimura, Takashi; Yokoyama, Hikaru; Kim, Jangwoo; Sano, Yasuhisa; Hachisu, Yousuke; Yabashi, Makina; Ohashi, Haruhiko; Ohmori, Hitoshi; Ishikawa, Tetsuya; Yamauchi, Kazuto
- Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers produce intense femtosecond pulses that have applications in exploring new frontiers in science. The unique characteristics of X-ray free-electron laser radiation can be enhanced significantly using focusing optics. However, with such an optical device, even a slight deviation from the ideal design can lead to considerable errors in the focusing properties. Here, we present reflective optics comprising elliptically figured mirrors with nanometre accuracy to preserve a coherent wavefront, successfully focusing a 10 keV X-ray free-electron laser to the small area of 0.95 × 1.20 µm2. The near 100% efficiency of this arrangement allows an enormous 40,000-fold increase in the fluence to a power density of 6 × 1017 W cm?2. This achievement is directly applicable to the generation of a nanometre-size beam with an extreme power density of >1 × 1022 W cm?2, which will play a crucial role in the advance of microscopic research towards ultimate ångstrom resolution, as well as in the development of nonlinear optical sciences under extreme conditions.
- Subjects
X-ray lasers; FREE electron lasers; FEMTOSECOND pulses; REFRACTIVE index; POWER density
- Publication
Nature Photonics, 2013, Vol 7, Issue 1, p43
- ISSN
1749-4885
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/nphoton.2012.306