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- Title
Genomic evidence and virulence properties decipher the extra-host origin of Bordetella bronchiseptica.
- Authors
Badhai, Jhasketan; Das, Subrata K
- Abstract
Until recently, members of the classical Bordetella species comprised only pathogenic bacteria that were thought to live exclusively in warm-blooded animals. The close phylogenetic relationship of Bordetella with Achromobacter and Alcaligenes , which include primarily environmental bacteria, suggests that the ancestral Bordetellae were probably free-living. Eventually, the Bordetella species evolved to infect and live within warm-blooded animals. The modern history of pathogens related to the genus Bordetella started towards the end of the 19th century when it was discovered in the infected respiratory epithelium of mammals, including humans. The first identified member was Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough, a fatal disease in young children. In due course, B. bronchiseptica was recovered from the trachea and bronchi of dogs with distemper. Later, a second closely related human pathogen, B. parapertussis , was described as causing milder whooping cough. The classical Bordetella e are strictly host-associated pathogens transmitted via the host-to-host aerosol route. Recently, the B. bronchiseptica strain HT200 has been reported from a thermal spring exhibiting unique genomic features that were not previously observed in clinical strains. Therefore, it advocates that members of classical Bordetella species have evolved from environmental sources. This organism can be transmitted via environmental reservoirs as it can survive nutrient-limiting conditions and possesses a motile flagellum. This study aims to review the molecular basis of origin and virulence properties of obligate host-restricted and environmental strains of classical Bordetella.
- Subjects
WHOOPING cough; BORDETELLA pertussis; PATHOGENIC bacteria; WARM-blooded animals; HOT springs; MYCOBACTERIUM avium paratuberculosis; TRACHEA
- Publication
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2023, Vol 134, Issue 9, p1
- ISSN
1364-5072
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/jambio/lxad200