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- Title
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ligation to Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2, but Not to TLR4, Activates Macrophages for Nuclear Factor--k B Nuclear Translocation.
- Authors
Choi, Kyoung-Seong; Scorpio, Diana G.; Dumler, J. Stephen
- Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular bacterium that infects neutrophils and causes human anaplasmosis (formerly human granulocytic ehrlichiosis). Interferon (IFN)--γ causes immunopathology in A. phagocytophilum infection models. Plasma IFN--γ levels are elevated 4 h after infection in experimentally infected mice, which indicates innate immunity and possible Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The ability of A. phagocytophilum to trigger proinflammatory responses via nuclear factor (NF)-κB was tested in TLR2- and TLR4-transfected cell lines and in primary murine macrophages devoid of TLR2 or TLR4. NF-κB was activated only through TLR2, which suggests its role in innate immune induction with A. phagocytophilum infections. The role of innate immunity in human anaplasmosis immunopathology requires more study.
- Subjects
ANAPLASMA; ANAPLASMATACEAE; CONNECTIVE tissue cells; ANTIGEN presenting cells; PHAGOCYTES; PATHOLOGY
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2004, Vol 189, Issue 10, p1921
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/386284