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- Title
Epidemiology of Measles in the United States, 1997--2001.
- Authors
Papania, Mark J.; Seward, Jane F.; Redd, Susan B.; Lievano, Fabio; Harpaz, Rafael; Wharton, Melinda E.
- Abstract
Of the 540 measles cases (annual incidence, <1/million population) reported during 1997-2001 in the United States, 362 (67%) were associated with international importation: 196 imported cases, 138 cases epidemiologically linked to imported cases, and 28 cases associated with an imported measles virus genotype. The remaining 178 (33%) "unknown-source" cases were analyzed as potential evidence of endemic measles transmission. A total of 83 counties (2.6% of the 3140 US counties) in 27 states reported unknown-source cases; 49 counties reported only 1 unknown-source case, and the maximum reported by any county was 10. Nationally, unknown-source cases were reported in 103 of the 260 weeks. The largest unknown-source outbreak included 13 cases and lasted 5 weeks. The rarity of unknown-source cases, wide gaps in geographic and temporal distribution, and the short duration of the longest unknown-source outbreak indicate that endemic transmission of measles was not sustained in the United States during this period.
- Subjects
UNITED States; MEASLES; INFECTIOUS disease transmission; HEALTH planning; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PUBLIC health
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2004, Vol 189, pS61
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/381557