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- Title
Cardiovascular Risk Factor Profiles, Emergency Department Visits, and Hospitalizations for Women and Men with a History of Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Authors
Chang, Tiffany E.; Goldstein, Larry B.; Leifheit, Erica C.; Howard, Virginia J.; Lichtman, Judith H.
- Abstract
Background: The relationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD-RFs) and health care utilization may differ by sex. We determined whether having more CVD-RFs was associated with all-cause emergency department (ED) visits and all-cause hospitalizations for women and men with prior stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2012–2015) data for persons aged ≥18 years with a prior stroke/TIA. CVD-RF summary scores include six self-reported factors (hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, physical inactivity, smoking, and obesity). Sex-specific covariate-adjusted logistic regression models assessed associations between CVD-RF scores and having one or more all-cause ED visits and one or more all-cause hospitalizations. Results: The weighted sample represents 9.1 million individuals (mean age 66.6 years; 54.3% women). Prevalence of low (0–1 risk factors), intermediate (2–3), and high (4–6) CVD-RF scores was 19.4%, 60.5%, and 20.1% for women and 14.6%, 60.2%, and 25.2% for men, respectively. Women having intermediate and high scores had a 1.58-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–2.18) and 2.21-fold (95% CI, 1.50–3.25) increased odds of ED visits compared with women with low scores. Women with high CVD-RF scores had a 2.18-fold (95% CI, 1.42–3.34) increased odds of hospitalizations, but there was no association for women with intermediate CVD-RF profiles. There was no association between CVD-RF scores and either outcome for men. Conclusions: Women, but not men, with high and intermediate CVD-RF profiles had increased odds of all-cause ED visits; women with high CVD-RF profiles had increased odds of all-cause hospitalizations. The burden of CVD-RFs may be a sex-specific predictor of higher health care utilization in women with a history of stroke/TIA.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; HOSPITAL emergency services; STROKE; TRANSIENT ischemic attack; CONFIDENCE intervals; CROSS-sectional method; WOMEN; MEN; MEDICAL care costs; RISK assessment; SEX distribution; MEDICAL care use; SURVEYS; HOSPITAL care; LOGISTIC regression analysis
- Publication
Journal of Women's Health (15409996), 2022, Vol 31, Issue 6, p834
- ISSN
1540-9996
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1089/jwh.2021.0471