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- Title
An Empirical Test of the Self-Talk Dissonance Hypothesis: The Effects of Self-Talk Overtness and Personality on Performance.
- Authors
Hong, Xiaobin; Liao, Yingying; Shi, Yan; Qi, Changzhu; Zhao, Mengyan; Van Raalte, Judy L.
- Abstract
According to the sport-specific model of self-talk, self-talk dissonance occurs when a mismatch between gut feelings/impressions and self-talk creates discomfort and disrupts performance. The purpose of this study was to test the sport-specific model of self-talk's dissonance hypothesis by examining the effects of self-talk on introverts (n = 28), who may be uncomfortable speaking their self-talk aloud, and on extraverts (n = 30). Each participant completed a dart-throwing target task using (a) overt and (b) covert self-talk in a counterbalanced order. Results of analysis of covariance indicated a significant interaction that supported the sport-specific model of self-talk's dissonance hypothesis. Introverts performed better when using covert (private) self-talk, and extraverts performed better when using overt self-talk. The results of this research show that self-talk dissonance adversely affects performance and suggests that tailoring self-talk interventions by incorporating personal factors into intervention designs could enhance intervention effectiveness and performance outcomes.
- Subjects
ANALYSIS of covariance; SELF-talk; HYPOTHESIS
- Publication
Sport Psychologist, 2020, Vol 34, Issue 3, p173
- ISSN
0888-4781
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1123/tsp.2019-0134