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- Title
Food frequency questionnaire as an indicator of the serum composition of essential n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in early pregnancy, according to body mass index.
- Authors
Lepsch, J.; Vaz, J. S.; Moreira, J. D.; Pinto, T. J. P.; Soares‐Mota, M.; Kac, G.
- Abstract
Background We investigated whether food frequency questionnaire ( FFQ) may be indicative of the serum composition of essential n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in early pregnancy and if correlations are affected by body mass index ( BMI). Methods The present study comprised a prospective cohort conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The sample was composed of 248 women, aged 20-40 years, between 6 and the 13 weeks of gestation. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Fatty acid serum compositions were determined in fasting serum samples, employing a high-throughput robotic direct methylation coupled with fast gas-liquid chromatography. Spearman's correlation ( rs) was used to assess the relationship between fatty acid intake and corresponding serum composition. Women were classified according to BMI (kg m-2) as underweight/normal weight ( BMI < 25 kg m-2; n = 139) or excessive weight ( BMI ≥ 25 kg m-2; n = 109). Results In the total sample, dietary report was significantly correlated with the serum composition of total polyunsaturated fatty acid ( PUFA; rs = 0.232, P < 0.001), linoleic acid ( LA; 18:2 n-6; rs = 0.271, P < 0.001), eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA; 20:5 n-3; rs = 0.263, P < 0.001) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA; 22:6 n-3; rs = 0.209, P = 0.001). When analyses were stratified by BMI, significant correlations between FFQ and serum composition among underweight/normal weight women were observed for total PUFA ( rs= 0.323, P < 0.001), LA ( rs = 0.322, P < 0.001), EPA ( rs = 0.352, P < 0.001) and DHA ( rs = 0.176, P = 0.039). Among women of excessive weight, significant correlations were observed only for alpha linolenic acid ( ALA; 18:3 n-3; rs = 0.199, P = 0.040) and DHA ( rs = 0.236, P = 0.014). Conclusions FFQ in early pregnancy may be used as a possible indicator of serum concentrations of fatty acids. Higher correlations were observed among underweight/normal weight women.
- Subjects
BRAZIL; NUTRITIONAL assessment; ANTHROPOMETRY; GESTATIONAL age; LEANNESS; LONGITUDINAL method; MOTHERS; NUTRITIONAL requirements; OBESITY; OMEGA-3 fatty acids; OMEGA-6 fatty acids; PROBABILITY theory; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH evaluation; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICS; T-test (Statistics); UNSATURATED fatty acids; LINOLEIC acid; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid; EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid; DATA analysis; STATISTICAL significance; BODY mass index; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MANN Whitney U Test; ALPHA-linolenic acid; PREGNANCY
- Publication
Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 2015, Vol 28, Issue 1, p85
- ISSN
0952-3871
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/jhn.12225