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- Title
Non Breast-Milk-Fed Very Preterm Infants Are at Increased Risk of Iron Deficiency at 4–6-Months Corrected Age: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study.
- Authors
Power, Grace; Morrison, Lisa; Kulkarni, Ketan; Barr, Hudson; Campbell-Yeo, Marsha; Singh, Balpreet; Stratas, Alexandra; Landry, Carmen; Higgins, Michelle; Ghotra, Satvinder
- Abstract
Iron supplementation is routinely recommended for breast-milk-fed preterm infants. However, the Canadian Pediatric Society recommends no additional iron supplementation for preterm infants fed primarily with iron-rich formula. Other pediatric societies don't provide specific guidance on supplemental iron for formula-fed preterm infants. This study investigated how feeding type influences iron status of very preterm infants at 4–6-months corrected age (CA). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a population-based database on all very preterm infants (<31 weeks gestational age) born in Nova Scotia, Canada from 2005–2018. Information about feeding type, iron intake from formula, supplemental iron therapy and iron status at 4–6-months CA was extracted. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined as serum ferritin <20 and <12 µg/L at 4-and 6-months CA, respectively. Of 392 infants, 107 were "breast-milk-fed" (exclusively or partially) and 285 were "not breast-milk-fed" (exclusively fed with iron-rich formula) at 4–6-months CA. Total daily iron intake was higher in the non-breast-milk-fed group (2.6 mg/kg/day versus 2.0 mg/kg/day). Despite this, 36.8% of non-breast-milk-fed infants developed ID versus 20.6% of breast-milk-fed infants. ID is significantly more prevalent in non-breast-milk-fed infants than breast-milk-fed infants despite higher iron intake. This suggests the need to revisit recommendations for iron supplementation in non-breast-milk-fed preterm infants.
- Subjects
PREVENTION of malnutrition; BREAST milk; RETROSPECTIVE studies; GASTROENTEROLOGY; IRON deficiency; BREASTFEEDING; ELECTRONIC health records; LONGITUDINAL method; ELEMENTAL diet
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 3, p407
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16030407