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- Title
COVID-19 in Pregnancy: Influence of Body Weight and Nutritional Status on Maternal and Pregnancy Outcomes—A Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis.
- Authors
Attini, Rossella; Laudani, Maria Elena; Versino, Elisabetta; Massaro, Alessio; Pagano, Arianna; Petey, Francesca; Revelli, Alberto; Masturzo, Bianca
- Abstract
In the last two and a half years, COVID-19 has been one of the most challenging public health issues worldwide. Based on the available evidence, pregnant women do not appear to be more susceptible to infection than the general population but having COVID-19 during pregnancy may increase the risk of major complications for both the mother and the fetus. The aim of this study is to identify the correlation between BMI and nutritional status and the likelihood of contracting COVID-19 infection in pregnancy, its severity, and maternal pregnancy outcomes. We carry out a systematic literature search and a meta-analysis using three databases following the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration. We include 45 studies about COVID-19-positive pregnant women. Compared with normal-weight pregnant women with COVID-19, obesity is associated with a more severe infection (OR = 2.32 [1.65–3.25]), increased maternal death (OR = 2.84 [2.01–4.02]), and a higher rate of hospital admission (OR = 2.11 [1.37–3.26]). Obesity may be associated with adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes by increasing symptom severity and, consequently, hospital and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and, finally, death rates. For micronutrients, the results are less definite, even if there seems to be a lower level of micronutrients, in particular Vitamin D, in COVID-19-positive pregnant women.
- Subjects
ONLINE information services; MEDICAL databases; COVID-19; BODY weight; META-analysis; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; SYSTEMATIC reviews; PREGNANT women; PREGNANCY outcomes; RISK assessment; SEVERITY of illness index; COMPARATIVE studies; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; BODY mass index; ODDS ratio; MEDLINE; NUTRITIONAL status; PREGNANCY
- Publication
Nutrients, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 4, p1052
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu15041052