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- Title
Is Secretory Activation Delayed in Women with Type Two Diabetes? A Pilot Study.
- Authors
Britten, Fiona L.; Lai, Ching T.; Geddes, Donna T.; Callaway, Leonie K.; Duncan, Emma L.
- Abstract
(1) Background: Breastfeeding duration may be reduced in women with type 2 diabetes. Delayed secretory activation (SA) is associated with poorer breastfeeding outcomes; however, no prior studies have examined SA in women with type 2 diabetes. This pilot study aimed to assess SA in women with type 2 diabetes by assessing breastmilk constituents. Secondary aims were to assess breastfeeding rates postpartum, and contributory factors. (2) Methods: A prospective cohort of pregnant women with type 2 diabetes (n = 18) and two control groups with age- and parity-matched nondiabetic pregnant women (body mass index (BMI)) matched (n = 18) or normal-range BMI (n = 18)) were recruited. Breastmilk constituents (citrate, lactose, protein, and fat) were measured twice daily for 5 days postpartum and compared between groups. Associations between peripartum variables, breastmilk constituents, and breastfeeding at 4 months postpartum were explored. (3) Results: Women with type 2 diabetes had a slower increase in breastmilk citrate concentration postpartum, indicative of delayed SA, compared to both control groups. Higher predelivery insulin doses in women with type 2 diabetes were associated with increasing time to SA. Both women with type 2 diabetes and BMI-matched controls were less likely to fully breastfeed at 4 months, compared with normal-BMI controls. (4) Conclusion: SA is delayed in women with type 2 diabetes when compared to BMI-matched and normal-BMI women. Women with type 2 diabetes are less likely to fully breastfeed, at hospital discharge and by 4 months postpartum, compared to women with normal-BMI.
- Subjects
PROTEIN analysis; FAT analysis; PILOT projects; LACTOSE; LACTATION; BREAST milk; PREGNANT women; CITRATES; TYPE 2 diabetes; INSULIN; BREASTFEEDING; PUERPERIUM; BODY mass index; LONGITUDINAL method; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Nutrients, 2022, Vol 14, Issue 7, p1323
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu14071323