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- Title
Cholesterol-Lowering Action of a Novel Nutraceutical Combination in Uremic Rats: Insights into the Molecular Mechanism in a Hepatoma Cell Line.
- Authors
Lupo, Maria Giovanna; Biancorosso, Noemi; Brilli, Elisa; Tarantino, Germano; Adorni, Maria Pia; Vivian, Greta; Salvalaio, Marika; Dall'Acqua, Stefano; Sut, Stefania; Neutel, Cédric; Chen, Haixia; Bressan, Alessandro; Faggin, Elisabetta; Rattazzi, Marcello; Ferri, Nicola
- Abstract
Appropriate nutraceutical combinations may represent a valid approach to prevent vascular calcification associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the present study, we tested the effect of a new nutraceutical combination named RenaTris®, containing MK-7, magnesium carbonate, and Sucrosomial® Iron, on vascular calcification in uremic rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e., control (high-phosphate diet), uremic (high-phosphate diet containing 0.5% adenine), and supplemented uremic diet (0.5% adenine, MK-7, magnesium carbonate, and Sucrosomial® Iron). After six weeks, sera and vascular calcification were examined. The uremic diet increased creatinine and phosphate levels and induced extensive vascular calcification. The uremic condition also induced a mild hypercholesterolemic condition (+52% of total cholesterol; p < 0.05). The supplemented uremic diet did not reduce creatinine, phosphate levels, or vascular calcification, however, we observed a significant hypocholesterolemic effect (−18.9% in supplemental uremic vs. uremic diet; p < 0.05). Similar to simvastatin, incubation of cultured human hepatoma cells (Huh7) with MK-7 significantly reduced cholesterol biosynthesis (−38%) and induced 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) at both mRNA and protein levels. The effect of MK-7 on LDLR was counteracted by the co-incubation with squalene. Unlike simvastatin, MK-7 reduced PCSK9 in Huh7. These results indicated that the new nutraceutical combination significantly impacts cholesterol metabolism and its supplementation may help to control mild hypercholesterolemic conditions in CKD patients.
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of iron; CHOLESTEROL metabolism; ANIMAL experimentation; ANTILIPEMIC agents; CELL culture; CELL lines; CELL receptors; CREATININE; DIET; DIETARY supplements; HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma; HYPERCHOLESTEREMIA; IRON; LOW density lipoproteins; MAGNESIUM compounds; MESSENGER RNA; METABOLISM; PHOSPHATES; RATS; SERUM; UREMIA; VITAMIN B complex; VITAMIN K; FUNCTIONAL foods; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; SIMVASTATIN; CALCINOSIS; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Nutrients, 2020, Vol 12, Issue 2, p436
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu12020436