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- Title
Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Predicts Cardiovascular Events, Kidney Function Decline, and Mortality in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.
- Authors
Curovic, Viktor Rotbain; Theilade, Simone; Winther, Signe A.; Tofte, Nete; Eugen-Olsen, Jesper; Persson, Frederik; Hansen, Tine W.; Jeppesen, Jørgen; Rossing, Peter; Rotbain Curovic, Viktor
- Abstract
<bold>Objective: </bold>Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an important inflammatory biomarker implicated in endothelial and podocyte dysfunction. However, suPAR's predictive qualities for complications in type 1 diabetes have yet to be determined. We investigated the prognostic value of suPAR for the development of cardiovascular events, decline in renal function, and mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes.<bold>Research Design and Methods: </bold>We included 667 patients with type 1 diabetes with various degrees of albuminuria in a prospective study. End points were cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or coronary or peripheral arterial interventions), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline ≥30%, progression from lower to higher albuminuric state, development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and mortality. Follow-up was 5.2-6.2 years. Results were adjusted for known risk factors. Hazard ratios (HRs) are presented per doubling of suPAR with 95% CI. Relative integrated discrimination improvement (rIDI) was calculated.<bold>Results: </bold>Quantification of suPAR was available in all participants; median (interquartile range) was 3.4 ng/mL (2.7-4.5). The adjusted HR (95% CI) for cardiovascular events (n = 94), progression in albuminuria (n = 36), eGFR decline (n = 93), ESRD (n = 23), and mortality (n = 58) were 3.13 (1.96-5.45, P < 0.001), 1.27 (0.51-3.19, P = 0.61), 2.93 (1.68-5.11, P < 0.001), 2.82 (0.73-11.9, P = 0.13), and 4.13 (1.96-8.69, P < 0.001), respectively. rIDI was significant for cardiovascular events (22.6%, P < 0.001), eGFR decline (14.4%, P < 0.001), and mortality (23.9%, P < 0.001).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In patients with type 1 diabetes and a broad range of albuminuria, a higher level of suPAR is a significant and independent risk factor for cardiovascular events, decline in eGFR ≥30%, and mortality. In addition, suPAR contributes significantly to discrimination for the end points.
- Subjects
TYPE 1 diabetes; PLASMINOGEN activators; UROKINASE; CHRONIC kidney failure; GLOMERULAR filtration rate
- Publication
Diabetes Care, 2019, Vol 42, Issue 6, p1112
- ISSN
0149-5992
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.2337/dc18-1427