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- Title
Environmental hydrogeochemistry and genesis of fluoride in groundwaters of Dindigul district, Tamilnadu (India).
- Authors
Chidambaram, S.; Bala Krishna Prasad, M.; Manivannan, R.; Karmegam, U.; Singaraja, C.; Anandhan, P.; Prasanna, M.; Manikandan, S.
- Abstract
Fluoride (F) is an indispensable element for the human's skeletal and dental health at prescribed levels and becomes lethal at higher levels. Spatial-temporal variability of F and its geochemical control/association with other dissolved ions in groundwater in the Dindigul district of Tamilnadu (India) were conducted to describe the geochemical dynamics of F in response to seasonal variability. High concentrations of fluoride (≥1.5 mg L) were observed in the northern region of the district. High levels of F were observed in non-monsoon periods and low levels in monsoon, because of dilution by precipitation. Bicarbonate was well correlated with F which explains that both ions were derived from the weathering. While F has a very weak correlation with silica, this implies that the silicate weathering does not supply F to the groundwater system. The F pollution in Dindigul groundwaters is mainly driven by two factors: (1) the geogenic weathering inputs, the geology of this area mainly comprises fluoride bearing minerals (e.g. hornblende biotite gneiss and charnockite); (2) the anthropogenic inputs (agri-fertilizers and tannery waste). Further, F in the study area is mainly attributed to geogenic sources during pre and postmonsoons and anthropogenic sources in monsoon periods.
- Subjects
WATER chemistry; FLUORIDES; BICARBONATE ions; GROUNDWATER; SILICA; MONSOONS
- Publication
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2013, Vol 68, Issue 2, p333
- ISSN
1866-6280
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12665-012-1741-9