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- Title
Effect of Oral Hygiene and 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Oral Rinse in Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia After Cardiovascular Surgery.
- Authors
Nicolosi, Liliana Noemí; del Carmen Rubio, Maria; Martinez, Carlos Daniel; González, Nidia Noemí; Cruz, Marisa Edith
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a nosocomial infection of multifactorial etiology and has a negative influence on cardiovascular surgery (CVS) outcomes. OBJECTIVES: Determine the effect of toothbrushing plus 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse in preventing VAP after CVS. METHODS: In a quasi-experimental study, patients undergoing heart surgery were enrolled in a protocol for controlling dental biofilm by proper oral hygiene (toothbrushing) and oral rinses with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (Group 1), and they were compared with a historical control group (Group 2), which included patients who underwent cardiac surgery between 2009 and 2010 and who received regular oral hygiene care. Seventy-two hours before surgery, a dentist provided instruction and supervised oral hygiene with toothbrushing and chlorhexidine oral rinses to patients in Group 1. RESULTS: Each group comprised 150 patients. A lower incidence of VAP (2.7% [95% CI 0.7-7.8] vs 8.7% [95% CI 4.9 -14.7], P = .04) and a shorter hospital stay (9 ± 3 d [95% CI 8.5-9.5] vs 10 ± 4 d [95% CI 9.4 -10.7], P = .01) were observed in Group 1. No significant differences in all-cause in-hospital death were observed between groups (5.3% vs 4.7%, P > .99). The risk for developing pneumonia after surgery was 3-fold higher in Group 2 (3.9, 95% CI 1.1-14.2). CONCLUSIONS: Oral hygiene and mouth rinses with chlorhexidine under supervision of a dentist proved effective in reducing the incidence of VAP.
- Subjects
ARGENTINA; TOOTH care &; hygiene; PNEUMONIA prevention; CROSS infection prevention; CHLORHEXIDINE; BACTERIA; CARDIOVASCULAR surgery; CHI-squared test; CONFIDENCE intervals; FISHER exact test; RESEARCH methodology; MOUTHWASHES; MECHANICAL ventilators; LOGISTIC regression analysis; CONTINUING education units; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Respiratory Care, 2014, Vol 59, Issue 4, p504
- ISSN
0020-1324
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4187/respcare.02666