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- Title
Developing the University of the Philippines Loneliness Assessment Scale: A Cross-Cultural Measurement.
- Authors
Tharayil, Davis
- Abstract
As the existing scales to measure loneliness are almost all Western and there is no single scale developed cross-culturally for this purpose, this study is designed to develop a reliable and valid scale to measure the experience of loneliness of individuals from individualistic or collectivistic cultures. There are three samples for this study with a total of 495 male and female international ( n = 202) and local ( n = 293) participants (Age range 19-60 years). An initial pool of 70 item scale was administered to a sample of 202 participants (20-60 years old) from 41 countries of the world with collectivistic and individualistic cultures and the data was subjected to factor analysis using principal component extraction. Evidence shows a unidimensional factor loading. The extracted items were subjected to reliability test and 25 items were obtained for the final scale of the UP Loneliness Assessment Scale (UPLAS) with a Cronbach alpha of .93. Further analyses show the following findings: UPLAS has a significant correlation with R-UCLA Loneliness Scale providing evidence for its moderate concurrent validity; there is a significant and inverse relationship between the measures of UPLAS and Subjective Happiness Scale establishing its higher discriminant validity; UPLAS scores are significantly correlated with the measures of negative self-perceptions, depression, and several emotional states associated to loneliness and thus establishing a higher convergent validity. The designing of the UP Loneliness Assessment Scale as a cross-cultural measurement tool may contribute to more research interests in the domain of 'negative perceptions' as the most contributing factor to loneliness across cultures.
- Subjects
QUEZON City (Philippines); PHILIPPINES; LONELINESS; CROSS-cultural studies; INDIVIDUALISM; COLLECTIVISM (Political science); CRONBACH'S alpha; STATISTICAL correlation; QUESTIONNAIRES; LIKERT scale; FACTOR analysis; UNIVERSITY of the Philippines
- Publication
Social Indicators Research, 2012, Vol 106, Issue 2, p307
- ISSN
0303-8300
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11205-011-9805-x