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- Title
Evaluation of Cancer Risk Index of Cadmium, Lead, and Nickel Heavy Metals in Agricultural Lands of Some Cities of Khuzestan Province, Iran.
- Authors
Mourd Ghafari, Seyed Mehran Mousavi; Payandeh, Khoshnaz; Goosheh, Mohiodin
- Abstract
Background & Aims: This study aimed to assess the health risks and ecological hazards of heavy metals cadmium, lead, and nickel in agricultural soils of Khuzestan province in 2018. Materials and Methods: In this study, sampling was gathered from three farms in three cities (Baghmalek, Shavur, and Shushtar) and five points with three replications. A plot with dimensions of 10 × 10 m was considered in the field, and four soil samples were taken from four sides of the plot and one from the center of the plot with 0-30 cm depth, and finally the composite sample was obtained. Results: The average of cadmium, nickel, and lead in the soils of Baghmalek, Shavur, and Shushtar was 5.04, 83.44, and 312.64 mg/kg, respectively. The mean values of cadmium and nickel in the soils of the studied fields were higher than the global average values, but the amount of lead in the studied soils was lower than the global average. Moreover, the ecological risk of heavy metals in soil showed that the farms in Baghmalek and Shavur have an extremely high ecological risk, and Shushtar had a severe ecological risk. Conclusion: Based on the calculation of pollution indices, soils in Baghmalek, Shavur, and Shushtar had heavy metal contamination of cadmium, lead, and nickel and had human origin. In this study, the risk index of heavy metals was less than 1, and it was only higher than 1 in the case of lead metal in children absorbed by ingestion. The carcinogenic risk index of metals also indicated that nickel has the potential for carcinogenesis in children.
- Subjects
IRAN; LEAD analysis; CADMIUM analysis; SOIL testing; RISK assessment; HEAVY metals; NATURE; RESEARCH funding; NICKEL; ANALYSIS of variance; POLLUTANTS; TUMORS; DATA analysis software; AGRICULTURE; NONPARAMETRIC statistics; EVALUATION
- Publication
Archives of Hygiene Sciences, 2023, Vol 12, Issue 3, p161
- ISSN
2251-9203
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.34172/AHS.12.4.3.314