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- Title
Can herbal remedies be the answer to multidrug resistance? Profile of drug resistance in Salmonella species in Eastern Cape, South Africa.
- Authors
Bisi-Johnson, Mary A.; Obi, Chikwelu L.; Eloff, Jacobus; Samuel, Bolorunduro B.; Baba, Kamaldeen; Vasaikar, Sandeep; Adefisoye, Martins A.
- Abstract
Objective: The treatment of serious Salmonella infections which requires the use of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones is being compromised by the emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). This study reports the antibiotic profile of Salmonella species, highlighting increasing ESBLs trends in Salmonella spp. and the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR). To proffer solution to the problem of MDR, screening of selected herbal plants was carried out. Methods: 142 consecutive isolates of Salmonella spp. collected over a period of 4 years were tested for antibiotic resistance. Antibiogram, ESBL phenotype and confirmation of isolate were determined using a semi-automated antibiotic test. Tests were performed based on Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute standards for broth microdilution methods and interpretation using Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as the control strain. Antibiotic resistant patterns were determined, ranking order of importance as percent (%) of each type of resistance. Twelve plants selected based on ethnobotanical survey information as remedy in the treatment of stomach related ailments were screened using broth microdilution methods against strains of Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Enterococcus. Results: A greater proportion of isolates were obtained from invasive cultures. Of the Salmonella isolates, there was a striking predominance of S.enterica serotype Typhi followed by S.enterica serotype Typhimurium. Most species showed pentavalent resistance to commonly used drugs. Antimicrobial resistance in S.enterica serotype Typhi is visibly increasing. Of growing concern is the increase in strains exhibiting ESBLs. Plant screening revealed promising therapeutic values in Aloe arborescens, A.striatula, and Psidium guajava. Conclusion: Increasing MDR in Salmonella serovars involved ESBLs' production. Plants with significant antibacterial activities were comparable to the tested antibiotic giving credence to their use in ethnomedicine. With further isolation of bioactive components, these plants may be a relief to multidrug resistance enteric pathogens
- Subjects
SALMONELLA diseases; FLUOROQUINOLONES; CEPHALOSPORINS; BETA-lactamase inhibitors; ANTIBIOTICS
- Publication
Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine, 2012, Vol 2, Issue 2, p147
- ISSN
1309-4572
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5455/jeim.210212.or.023