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- Title
Direct supplementation with Urolithin A overcomes limitations of dietary exposure and gut microbiome variability in healthy adults to achieve consistent levels across the population.
- Authors
Singh, Anurag; D'Amico, Davide; Andreux, Pénélope A.; Dunngalvin, Gillian; Kern, Timo; Blanco-Bose, William; Auwerx, Johan; Aebischer, Patrick; Rinsch, Chris
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Urolithin A (UA) is produced by gut microflora from foods rich in ellagitannins. UA has been shown to improve mitochondrial health preclinically and in humans. Not everyone has a microbiome capable of producing UA, making supplementation with UA an appealing strategy.<bold>Objective: </bold>This is the first detailed investigation of the prevalence of UA producers in a healthy population and the ability of direct UA supplementation to overcome both microbiome and dietary variability. Dietary intake of a glass of pomegranate juice (PJ) was used to assess UA producer status (n = 100 participants) and to characterize differences in gut microbiome between UA producers from non-producers.<bold>Methods: </bold>Subjects were randomized (1:1) to either PJ or a food product containing UA (500 mg). Prevalence of UA producers and non-producers were determined in the PJ group. Diet questionnaires and fecal samples were collected to compare differences between UA producers and non-producers along with plasma samples at different time points to assess levels of UA and its conjugates between the interventions.<bold>Results: </bold>Only 12% of subjects had detectable levels of UA at baseline. Following PJ intake ~40% of the subjects converted significantly the precursor compounds into UA. UA producers were distinguished by a significantly higher gut microbiome diversity and ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides. Direct supplementation with UA significantly increased plasma levels and provided a >6-fold exposure to UA vs. PJ (p < 0.0001).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Differences in gut microbiome and diet that dictate natural exposure to UA can be overcome via direct dietary UA supplementation.
- Publication
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2022, Vol 76, Issue 2, p297
- ISSN
0954-3007
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1038/s41430-021-00950-1