We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Cortico-thalamic development and disease: From cells, to circuits, to schizophrenia.
- Authors
Salavarria, Marilyn M. Angulo; Dell'Amico, Claudia; D'Agostino, Armando; Conti, Luciano; Onorati, Marco
- Abstract
The human brain is the most complex structure generated during development. Unveiling the ontogenesis and the intrinsic organization of specific neural networks may represent a key to understanding the physio-pathological aspects of different brain areas. The cortico-thalamic and thalamo-cortical (CT-TC) circuits process and modulate essential tasks such as wakefulness, sleep and memory, and their alterations may result in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. These pathologies are reported to affect specific neural populations but may also broadly alter physiological connections and thus dysregulate brain network generation, communication, and function. More specifically, the CTTC system is reported to be severely affected in disorders impacting superior brain functions, such as schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders or epilepsy. In this review, the focus will be on CT development, and the models exploited to uncover and comprehend its molecular and cellular mechanisms. In parallel to animal models, still fundamental to unveil human neural network establishment, advanced in vitro platforms, such as brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells, will be discussed. Indeed, organoids and assembloids represent unique tools to study and accelerate fundamental research in CT development and its dysfunctions. We will then discuss recent cutting-edge contributions, including in silico approaches, concerning ontogenesis, specification, and function of the CT-TC circuitry that generates connectivity maps in physiological and pathological conditions.
- Subjects
PLURIPOTENT stem cells; AUTISM spectrum disorders; HUMAN stem cells; LARGE-scale brain networks; SCHIZOPHRENIA
- Publication
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, 2023, Vol 17, p1
- ISSN
1662-5129
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fnana.2023.1130797