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- Title
Performance effects and metabolic consequences of caffeine and caffeinated energy drink consumption on glucose disposal.
- Authors
Shearer, Jane; Graham, Terry E
- Abstract
This review documents two opposing effects of caffeine and caffeine-containing energy drinks, i.e., their positive effects on athletic performance and their negative impacts on glucose tolerance in the sedentary state. Analysis of studies examining caffeine administration prior to performance-based exercise showed caffeine improved completion time by 3.6%. Similar analyses following consumption of caffeine-containing energy drinks yielded positive, but more varied, benefits, which were likely due to the diverse nature of the studies performed, the highly variable composition of the beverages consumed, and the range of caffeine doses administered. Conversely, analyses of studies administering caffeine prior to either an oral glucose tolerance test or insulin clamp showed a decline in whole-body glucose disposal of ~30%. The consequences of this resistance are unknown, but there may be implications for the development of a number of chronic diseases. Both caffeine-induced performance enhancement and insulin resistance converge with the primary actions of caffeine on skeletal muscle.
- Subjects
CANADA; RESEARCH methodology evaluation; GLUCOSE metabolism; ATHLETIC ability; CAFFEINE; EXERCISE physiology; EXPERIMENTAL design; GLUCOSE tolerance tests; INSULIN resistance; MEDLINE; ONLINE information services; RESEARCH funding; TIME; SYSTEMATIC reviews; EVIDENCE-based medicine; PROFESSIONAL practice; EFFECT sizes (Statistics); ENERGY drinks; GLUCOSE intolerance; SEDENTARY lifestyles; SKELETAL muscle; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; GLUCOSE clamp technique; PHARMACODYNAMICS; EVALUATION
- Publication
Nutrition Reviews, 2014, Vol 72, p121
- ISSN
0029-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/nure.12124