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- Title
Classification of thoracic spine fractures: the four-column theory.
- Authors
Aldakheel, Dakheel A.
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a classification of thoracic spine fractures based on anatomical and biomechanical characteristics. Methods: This is a narrative review of the literature. Results: The classification is based on the relationship between movement and common forces acting on the spine. A mechanistic concept is incorporated into the classification, which considers both movements and the application of forces, leading to pathomorphological characteristics. A hierarchical ranking determines the severity of fractures within the thoracic spine, and treatment recommendations are presented in each category. The fourth column of the spine is incorporated into the classification through direct and indirect mechanisms. Conclusions: The proposed classification accommodates several advantages, such as simplicity and practicality, that make this classification helpful in daily practice. The dynamic relationship between movement and force provides a better understanding of the fracture mechanism. Finally, incorporating the fourth column will strengthen the indication for surgical management. To the best of our knowledge, this classification is the first classification developed uniquely for the thoracic spine fractures and will help to address a critical gap in the literature.
- Subjects
THORACIC vertebrae; VERTEBRAL fractures; LITERATURE reviews; SURGICAL indications; RIB cage
- Publication
International Orthopaedics, 2023, Vol 47, Issue 12, p2907
- ISSN
0341-2695
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00264-023-05778-x