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- Title
Flexibility, Position, and Strength of the Shoulder Complex in Pediatric and Adult Amateur Tennis Athletes.
- Authors
Barbosa, Germanna M.; Ribeiro, Larissa P.; Nasser, Ana B.; Oliver, Gretchen D.; Camargo, Paula R.
- Abstract
Context: Understanding the musculoskeletal adaptations in the shoulder complex of varying ages of tennis athletes may suggest preventive protocols and conditioning and rehabilitation programs to this population. This study aimed to generate a bilateral descriptive profile of shoulder flexibility, scapular and clavicular position, and muscle strength in pediatric and adult amateur tennis athletes. The outcome measures were compared between groups and sides. The number and percentage of athletes "at risk" according to cutoff values for shoulder range of motion (ROM) were also analyzed. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: 36 pediatric and 28 adult amateur tennis athletes were tested. Outcome measures were ROM of shoulder flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation, posterior capsule tightness, pectoralis minor index (PMI), scapular upward rotation, clavicular elevation, and strength of the external rotators, serratus anterior, and lower trapezius of the dominant/nondominant sides. Results: Pediatric athletes had greater dominant side external rotation (P = .01) and total ROM (P = .04), increased Low Flexion test (P = .01), and decreased PMI (P = .01) compared with the adults. Bilaterally, the pediatric athletes had greater dominant side external rotation ROM (P < .01) and decreased PMI (P = .002) as compared with their nondominant side, whereas the adults displayed lower values on posterior capsule tightness (P = .01) and decreased PMI (P = .02) on their dominant side compared with their nondominant side. For the remaining outcomes, no interaction effects were observed. The cutoff values for shoulder ROM showed that several athletes were "at risk" of shoulder problems. Conclusion: Upper extremity adaptations at the shoulder are present in both pediatric and adult tennis athletes. These data can assist clinicians in better understanding the biomechanical adaptations in the shoulder of amateur tennis athletes in different age groups.
- Subjects
TRAPEZIUS muscle physiology; REFERENCE values; EXERCISE tests; PHYSICAL diagnosis; STATISTICS; SHOULDER joint; PROPRIOCEPTION; AMATEUR athletes; RANGE of motion of joints; SERRATUS anterior muscles; CEREBRAL dominance; MUSCLE contraction; ANALYSIS of variance; CONFIDENCE intervals; CROSS-sectional method; TREATMENT effectiveness; PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation; MUSCLE strength; ABDUCTION (Kinesiology); ROTATIONAL motion; SCAPULA; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; TENNIS; DATA analysis software; DATA analysis; CLAVICLE; JOINTS (Anatomy)
- Publication
Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2022, Vol 31, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1056-6716
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1123/jsr.2020-0331