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- Title
Stocking location and predation by marine fishes affect survival of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts.
- Authors
Thorstad, E. B.; Uglem, I.; Finstad, B.; Chittenden, C. M.; Nilsen, R.; Økland, F.; Bjørn, P. A.
- Abstract
Release strategies of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., smolts were compared by studying survival and migration of smolts ( n = 99) and their predators (Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., n = 8; and saithe, Pollachius virens (L.), n = 2) during the first 37 km of the marine migration using acoustic telemetry. Survivorship was higher in smolts released at the river mouth (30%) compared with smolts released in the river (12%). This was likely due to mortality or reduced migratory behaviour in fresh water. The marine mortality was 37% during the first 2 km after leaving the river (at least 25% mortality because of predation from marine fishes), and total marine mortality over 37 km was 68%. Detection-depth data were useful for evaluating whether the tagged smolts were alive or predated; mortality during the first 2 km of outward migration would have been underestimated at 26% instead of 37% without the analysis of depth detection. Transmitters from consumed post-smolts remained in predators for up to 47 days (average 29 days).
- Subjects
FISH stocking; EFFECT of predators on fishes; PREDATION; MARINE fishes; HATCHERY fishes; ATLANTIC salmon
- Publication
Fisheries Management & Ecology, 2012, Vol 19, Issue 5, p400
- ISSN
0969-997X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2400.2012.00854.x