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- Title
Apocynin administration prevents the changes induced by a fructose-rich diet on rat liver metabolism and the antioxidant system.
- Authors
CASTRO, María Cecilia; FRANCINI, Flavio; SCHINELLA, Guillermo; CALDIZ, Claudia Inés; ZUBIRÍA, María Guillermina; GAGLIARDINO, Juan José; MASSA, María Laura
- Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of NADPH oxidase in F (fructose)-rich-dietinduced hepatic OS (oxidative stress) and metabolic changes, and their prevention by apocynin co-administration. Wistar rats were fed for 21 days on (i) a control diet, (ii) a control diet plus 10% F in the drinking water, (iii) a control diet with apocynin in the drinking water (CA) and (iv) F plus apocynin in the drinking water (FA). Glycaemia, triglyceridaemia, NEFAs (non-esterified fatty acids) and insulinaemia were determined. In the liver, we measured (i) NADPH oxidase activity, and gene and protein expression; (ii) protein carbonyl groups, GSH and TBARSs (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances); (iii) catalase, CuZn-SOD (superoxide dismutase) and Mn-SOD expression; (iv) liver glycogen and lipid content; (v) GK (glucokinase), G6Pase (glucose-6-phosphatase) and G6PDH (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) activities; (vi) FAS (fatty acid synthase), GPAT (glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase), G6Pase and G6PDH, IL-1ß (interleukin-1ß), PAI-1 (plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1) and TNFa (tumour necrosis factor a) gene expression; and (vii) I?Ba (inhibitor of nuclear factor ?B a) protein expression. F-fed animals had high serum TAG (triacylglycerol), NEFA and insulin levels, high liver NADPH oxidase activity/expression, increased OS markers, reduced antioxidant enzyme expression, and increased glycogen, TAG storage and GK, G6Pase and G6PDH activities. They also had high G6Pase, G6PDH, FAS, GPAT, TNFa and IL-1ß gene expression and decreased I?Ba expression. Co-administration of apocynin to F-fed rats prevented the development of most of these abnormalities. In conclusion, NADPH oxidase plays a key role in F-induced hepatic OS production and probably also in the mechanism of liver steatosis, suggesting its potential usefulness for the prevention/treatment of T2DM (Type 2 diabetes mellitus).
- Subjects
VANILLIN; NADPH oxidase; OXIDATIVE stress; FRUCTOSE; LABORATORY rats; ANTIOXIDANTS; INSULIN resistance; LIVER diseases
- Publication
Clinical Science, 2012, Vol 123, Issue 12, p681
- ISSN
0143-5221
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1042/CS20110665