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- Title
Heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in Quercus ilex L. leaves fit an a priori subdivision in site typologies based on human management.
- Authors
De Nicola, Flavia; Baldantoni, Daniela; Maisto, Giulia; Alfani, Anna
- Abstract
Concentrations of four heavy metals (HMs) (Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb) and four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (fluoranthene, phenanthrene, chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene) in Quercus ilex L. leaves collected at the Campania Region (Southern Italy) in previous air biomonitoring studies were employed to (1) test the correspondence with an a priori site subdivision (remote, periurban, and urban) and (2) evaluate long temporal trends of HM (approximately 20 years) and PAH (approximately 10 years) air contaminations. Overall, Q. ilex leaf HM and PAH concentrations resulted along the gradient: remote < periurban < urban sites, reflecting the a priori subdivision based on human management. Over a long time, although a clear decrease of leaf Pb, chrysene, fluoranthene, and phenanthrene concentrations occurred at the urban sites, a high contamination level persists.
- Subjects
POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons &; the environment; HEAVY metals; ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring; AIR pollution; HOLM oak
- Publication
Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2017, Vol 24, Issue 13, p11911
- ISSN
0944-1344
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11356-015-5890-8