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- Title
Gap‐free X and Y chromosome assemblies of Salix arbutifolia reveal an evolutionary change from male to female heterogamety in willows, without a change in the position of the sex‐determining locus.
- Authors
Wang, Yi; Gong, Guang‐Nan; Wang, Yuan; Zhang, Ren‐Gang; Hörandl, Elvira; Zhang, Zhi‐Xiang; Charlesworth, Deborah; He, Li
- Abstract
Summary: In the Vetrix clade of Salix, a genus of woody flowering plants, sex determination involves chromosome 15, but an XY system has changed to a ZW system. We studied the detailed genetic changes involved.We used genome sequencing, with chromosome conformation capture (Hi‐C) and PacBio HiFi reads to assemble chromosome level gap‐free X and Y of Salix arbutifolia, and distinguished the haplotypes in the 15X‐ and 15Y‐linked regions, to study the evolutionary history of the sex‐linked regions (SLRs).Our sequencing revealed heteromorphism of the X and Y haplotypes of the SLR, with the X‐linked region being considerably larger than the corresponding Y region, mainly due to accumulated repetitive sequences and gene duplications.The phylogenies of single‐copy orthogroups within the SLRs indicate that S. arbutifolia and Salix purpurea share an ancestral SLR within a repeat‐rich region near the chromosome 15 centromere. During the change in heterogamety, the X‐linked region changed to a W‐linked one, while the Z was derived from the Y.
- Subjects
Y chromosome; X chromosome; SEX determination; LOCUS (Genetics); SEX chromosomes; ANGIOSPERMS
- Publication
New Phytologist, 2024, Vol 242, Issue 6, p2872
- ISSN
0028-646X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/nph.19744